One of the notable aspects of the budget is the projected return to a net deficit after three years of surpluses. The government anticipates a loss of AUD 22.1 billion, equivalent to 0.9% of Australia's GDP. This shift reflects increased spending on various initiatives aimed at stimulating the economy and addressing social needs.

Key allocations in the budget include:

• Social Security and Welfare: Accounting for 37% of government spending, this sector receives significant funding to support vulnerable populations.
• Health: With 15.9% of the budget, investments are directed towards improving healthcare services and infrastructure.
• Education: Allocated 6.9% of the budget, focusing on enhancing educational facilities and resources.
• Defence: Receiving 6.6% of the budget, aimed at strengthening national security.

On the revenue side, the budget relies heavily on individual and withholding taxes, which constitute 47.1% of government income. Company taxes contribute 19.9%, while goods and services tax accounts for 12.9%.

For individuals and businesses, the budget introduces several measures:

• Tax Cuts: Aimed at providing relief to taxpayers, though specifics vary across income brackets.
• Power Bill Relief: Offering AUD 150 to every bill payer to alleviate energy costs.
• Medicare Enhancements: An AUD 8.5 billion boost to Medicare bulk-billing services and additional urgent-care clinics.
• Education Support: A cut to HECS-HELP debts for students worth AUD 500 million and the creation of a permanent free TAFE system.

Business reactions have been mixed. CPA Australia expressed concerns about the budget's ambition and understanding of business needs, urging the government to cut red tape and make the instant asset write-off permanent.

In summary, the 2025 federal budget presents a strategic approach to balancing economic growth with social welfare. While it introduces measures to support individuals and businesses, it also reflects the challenges of managing a deficit and addressing diverse stakeholder interests.